What is UK electricity generation by energy source?

Fuel poverty in England is now measured using the Low Income Low Energy Efficiency (LILEE) indicator which replaced the Low Income High Costs (LIHC) indicator. Under LILEE, a household is considered to be fuel poor if: they are living in a property with a fuel poverty energy efficiency rating of band D or below; and where they to spend the required amount to heat their home, they would be left with a residual income below the official poverty line. • The proportion of households in England in fuel poverty was estimated to have decreased by 1.6 percentage points from 2018 to 13.4 % in 2019 (approximately 3.18 million households). • In 2019, the average fuel poverty gap (the reduction in fuel bill that the average fuel poor household needs in order to not be classed as fuel poor) in England was estimated at £216, down slightly from £225 in 2018 in real terms following a steady downward trend since 2014. • The lower number of households in fuel poverty also caused the aggregate fuel poverty gap for England to continue to decrease in 2019 (by 15.1 % in real terms) to £687 million. Key drivers of fuel poverty, 2018-2019 • Energy efficiency – improvement in energy efficiency between 2018 and 2019 has brought more low income households to band C which removes them fuel poverty. • Incomes – incomes increased at the median rate of increase for households near the low income threshold so the share of households in relative poverty remained similar.

Industrial prices, in real terms, steadily fell from the mid-1980s until 1996 where they were at their lowest. Industrial prices then rose again reaching a peak in 2013 before falling. Since the recent low in 2016, industrial prices had generally been on the rise. However, in 2020 coal, gas and heavy fuel oil prices fell. Compared to the previous year, in 2020 industrial electricity prices, in real terms, were up by 0.4% and were the highest on record while gas prices were down by 13%. Coal prices paid for by industry were down by 8.1%. Industrial heavy fuel oil is used less than other fuels affected by bulk buying and stockpiling and prices in real terms were down by 19%. Over the last five years industrial gas prices, in real terms, have decreased by 21% while electricity prices have increased by 12%.

Compared to 2019, total domestic energy prices in 200 decreased in real terms by 10%. Over the same time period, liquid fuels decreased by 34%, gas prices decreased by 15%, electricity prices decreased by 5.1% and solid fuels decreased 1.3%. Comparing prices in 2020 with prices 10 years prior, real prices for domestic fuels overall increased by 10%. The real price of electricity increased by 28% and solid fuels increased by 2.6%. However, the real price for gas decreased by 8.1% and liquid fuel prices decreased by 38%.

In cash terms the price of Ultra Low Sulphur Petrol (ULSP) cost 11 pence per litre less and diesel cost 12 pence per litre less in 2020 than in 2019. In real terms the price of petrol and diesel were both 14% lower in 2020 compared to 2019. In 2020 taxes and duty accounted for 68% of the retail price of unleaded and 65% of the price of diesel.

Households in the United Kingdom spent, on average, 4.2% of their total expenditure on fuel for their homes in 2019/20, the same amount as 2018/19. Households whose income falls in the lowest 10% in the United Kingdom spend, on average, 7.7% of their weekly spend on fuel for their homes. The top 10% of households in terms of income, spend only 2.7% per week of their weekly spend on domestic fuel.